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2. A formation may not shoot if moved more than half. Crossbows if they move at all cannot shoot. Same as above. Does fallback add to the amount moved for the formation?
you can only fall back if you are disordered, and disordered formations cannot shoot so why you are asking this is beyond me
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3. A formation may not shoot if moved more than half. So say they are in difficult terrain and they can normally move 6". They move 3". Can they still shoot or is that move reduced to 1.5" to be able to shoot?
If you play it exactly to the wording of the rules, they can still shoot if they move 3" in your example they can still shoot (you can only shoot if you have move half your move value or less and the move value remains 6 because difficult terrain doesn't halve the move value). but using common sense it is obvious that the reason for the moving half rule is to represent the archers drawing there arrows and putting them in the bow (getting ready to shoot). The amount of time this takes would not change according to what type of ground they are standing upon.